| Appendix
Here is a summary of applicable state ethics and financial-disclosure
requirements:
ALABAMA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
ALASKA
State legislators may not take trips valued at more than $250 in one
year that are paid for by outside interests, although they may take such
trips “to obtain information on legislative issues.” They must report a
“receipt of gift of travel and/or hospitality primarily for matters of
legislative concern.”
ARIZONA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $500; they may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose, under the rule governing gifts, travel
expenses valued at more than $500.
ARKANSAS
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; they must disclose those valued at
$100 or more. In Arkansas, however, “the giving or receiving of food, travel,
or lodging which bears a relationship to the public servant’s office and
when appearing in an official capacity” is not defined as a gift.
CALIFORNIA
State legislators may not accept gifts valued at more than $300 from
outside interests and may not take trips valued at more than $300 paid
for by outside interests; disclosure is required for gifts valued at more
than $50 and trips valued at more than $50 when a lawmaker “does not provide
services of equal or greater value in return.” The ceiling does not apply
to payments for travel within the United States that has “a legislative
purpose.” Lawmakers must also report travel paid for by a government, educational
institution, or nonprofit entity that has a legislative purpose but is
not connected with a speaking event.
COLORADO
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at $50 or more on the “Public Officeholder Report
of Gifts, Honoraria, and Other Benefits” form filed with the Secretary
of State. They may take trips paid for by outside interests and must disclose
their trip expenses on the same form.
CONNECTICUT
A state legislator must “file with the Ethics Commission, within 30
days, a report of the payment or reimbursement of ‘necessary expenses’
for lodging and/or out-of-state travel incurred by me in my capacity as
a public official of state employee, for an article, appearance, or speech,
or for participation at an event, unless the payment of reimbursement is
provided by the State of Connecticut, the federal government, or another
state government.”
DELAWARE
State legislators must disclose “any gift with a value in excess of
$250 from any person.” They may take trips paid for by outside interests
and must disclose any travel expenses valued at more than $1,000. If legislators
do not receive travel expenses as reimbursements, the trips may be considered
gifts and disclosed accordingly.
FLORIDA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $100 on “Form 9 — Quarterly Gifts Disclosure”
or “Form 10 — Annual Disclosure of Gifts From Governmental Entities and
Direct Support Organizations and Honorarium Event-Related Expenses” filed
with the Florida Commission on Ethics. Legislators may accept travel expenses
paid for by outside interests and must disclose those valued at more that
$100 on either of the same forms.
GEORGIA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
HAWAII
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $200; they may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose travel expenses valued at more than
$200.
IDAHO
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
ILLINOIS
State legislators may not accept gifts or trips from “prohibited sources,”
including lobbyists or other persons who are regulated by the state or
have financial interests that may be affected by the legislature. There
are exceptions, however, including “food, travel, or lodging.” Legislators
may accept gifts from other outside interests and must disclose those valued
at more than $500. They must report any reimbursements related to official
duties, including travel payments, in a letter to the Clerk of the House
or the Secretary
of the Senate.
INDIANA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose single gifts valued at more than $100 and groups of gifts from
a single source collectively valued at more than $250. There is, however,
no statutory definition of a gift, leaving it unclear whether trips and/or
travel expenses paid for by outside interests must be
disclosed.
IOWA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
KANSAS
State legislators may not accept gifts or trips valued at $40 or more
from persons known to have a “special interest,” which includes, but is
not limited to, lobbyists. Legislators may accept gifts and trips from
other outside interests and must disclose those valued at $500 or more.
Exceptions, however, include reimbursement for travel expenses related
to attending seminars, conferences, and other speaking engagements as well
as hospitality in the form of recreation, food, or beverage given by an
entity not licensed, inspected, or regulated by the legislator and used
in the company of the donor or the donor’s authorized agent.
KENTUCKY
State legislators may not accept gifts from lobbyists or lobbyists’
employers; they may accept gifts from other outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $200. They may not take trips paid for
by lobbyists or lobbyists’ employers; they may take trips paid for by other
outside interests. State legislators do not need to report prepaid expenses
but must get prior approval from the Kentucky Legislative Research Commission
to accept prepayment of travel expenses associated with public duty. Any
reimbursement for travel expenses must be disclosed.
LOUISIANA
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists, lobbyists’ employers, or other sources seeking financial
relationships with the legislature. They may accept gifts from, or take
trips paid for by, other sources; no disclosure is required. State legislators
may also accept travel expenses for trips and entertainment when the trips
relate to educational or informational purposes.
MARYLAND
State legislators may accept gifts from most outside interests and
take trips paid for by most outside interests; no disclosure is required.
Limits are placed on gifts from lobbyists and other interests that are
regulated by or have financial interests that may be affected by the legislature.
State legislators may accept travel, lodging, and food related to their
participation on a panel or in connection with a speaking event.
MASSACHUSETTS
The Massachusetts State Ethics Commission has ruled that state legislators
may not take anything of “substantial value” (anything valued at $50 or
more) for duties performed in their official capacities or because they
are public officials.
MICHIGAN
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests;
no disclosure is required.
MINNESOTA
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists or lobbyists’ employers. They may accept gifts from, and
take trips paid for by, other outside interests; no disclosure
is required.
MISSISSIPPI
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
MISSOURI
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and may take
trips paid for by outside interests; they must disclose those valued at
$200 or more.
MONTANA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
NEBRASKA
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists, lobbyists’ employers, or anyone acting on their behalf.
A lobbyist, however, may pay for a legislator’s travel to a speaking engagement.
Legislators may accept gifts from, and take trips paid for by, other outside
interests; they must disclose any such gifts or travel expenses valued
at more than $100.
NEVADA
State legislators may accept gifts from, and take trips paid for by,
outside interests; they must disclose those valued at $200 or more.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $50. They may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose travel expenses on a “Report of Expense
Reimbursement” form filed with the New Hampshire Ethics Committee.
NEW JERSEY
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $250. They may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose travel reimbursements totaling more
than $100.
NEW MEXICO
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
NEW YORK
State legislators may accept gifts from, and take trips paid for by,
outside interests; they must disclose those valued at $1,000 or more.
NORTH CAROLINA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
NORTH DAKOTA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
OHIO
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $75. They may not accept gifts valued
at more than $75 from lobbyists and must disclose any that they do accept
that are valued at more than $25. State legislators may not take trips
paid for by lobbyists; they may take trips paid for by other outside interests
and must disclose them. They may accept lodging and travel expenses associated
with speaking engagements and must disclose them.
OKLAHOMA
State legislators may not accept gifts or trips valued at more than
$300 from lobbyists or other persons with financial interests that might
be affected by the legislature; they must disclose all gifts or trips valued
at more than $300 from other outside interests.
OREGON
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $250. They may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose those valued at more than $650 “for
travel related to public duties.”
PENNSYLVANIA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $250. They may take trips paid for by
outside interests and must disclose those valued at more than $650 “for
travel related to public duties.”
RHODE ISLAND
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, “interested persons”—anyone with a direct financial interest in a decision
the legislator participates in as part of his or her official duties. State
legislators may accept gifts and trips from other outside interests and
must disclose those valued at more than $100.
SOUTH CAROLINA
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists. They may accept gifts from, and take trips paid for by,
other outside interests and must disclose those valued at more than $25
a day and more than $200 a year.
SOUTH DAKOT A
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
TENNESSEE
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists or lobbyists’ employers. State legislators may accept gifts
from, and take trips paid for by, all other outside interests; no disclosure
is required.
TEXAS
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and disclose
those valued at more than $250; they may take trips paid for by outside
interests and must disclose the travel expenses.
UTAH
State legislators may accept gifts from, and take trips that are paid
for by, outside interests; no disclosure is required unless a legislator
is “involved in governmental action directly affecting the giver.”
VERMONT
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests;
no disclosure is required.
VIRGINIA
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and must
disclose single gifts valued at more than $50 or a group of gifts from
a single source valued at more than $100. State legislators may take trips
paid for by outside interests and must disclose single expenses valued
at more than $50 or a group of expenses paid by a single source valued
at more than $100. In addition, they may accept some payments or reimbursements
for travel expenses from outside interests in connection with speeches
or other appearances related to their legislative positions; any payments
or reimbursements valued at more than $200 must be disclosed.
WASHINGTON
State legislators may not accept single gifts or a series of gifts
from one source valued at more than $50. State legislators may not take
trips paid for by outside interests that are valued at more than $50, with
one exception: They may accept travel, lodging, and food expenses incurred
while attending seminars or programs sponsored by government or nonprofit
professional, educational, trade, or charitable associations or institutions;
they must disclose expenses for food and beverages, travel, and seminars.
WEST VIRGINIA
With some minor exceptions, state legislators may not accept gifts
from, or take trips paid for by, lobbyists or other “interested persons”—anyone
with a financial interest in legislative activities. State legislators
may accept gifts and travel expenses from other outside interests and must
disclose those valued at more than $100.
WISCONSIN
State legislators may not accept gifts from, or take trips paid for
by, lobbyists or lobbyists’ employers. They may accept gifts and travel
expenses from other outside interests and must disclose those valued at
more than $50.
WYOMING
State legislators may accept gifts from outside interests and take
trips paid for by outside interests; no disclosure is required.
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